-
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D is hypothesized to lower the risk of breast cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation via the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR). Two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the VDR gene (VDR), rs1544410 (BsmI), and rs2228570 (FokI), have been inconsistently associated with breast cancer risk. Increased risk has been reported for the FokI ff genotype, which encodes a less transcriptionally active isoform of VDR, and reduced risk has been reported for the BsmI BB genotype, a SNP in strong linkage disequilibrium with a 3'-untranslated region, which may influence VDR mRNA stability. METHODS: We pooled data from 6 prospective studies in the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium to examine associations between these SNPs and breast cancer among >6,300 cases and 8,100 controls for each SNP using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: The odds ratio (OR) for the rs2228570 (FokI) ff versus FF genotype in the overall population was statistically significantly elevated [OR, 1.16; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.04-1.28] but was weaker once data from the cohort with previously published positive findings were removed (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.98-1.24). No association was noted between
-
As a 17th century English preacher stated: "Prevention is much better than healing because it saves the labor of being sick" (T. Adams, The Happiness of Church, 1618, pl46). The term "chemoprevention" was coined by Sporn and coworkers in the 1970s (1) and articulated through numerous publications ever since. It refers to cancer prevention that aims to disrupt oncogenesis by chemical, biological, or nutritional intervention and thereby prevent, reverse, or delay the development or recurrence of cancer. The importance of prevention in the war against cancer has also been very recently echoed by a prominent cancer researcher, Dr. Vogelstein: "One interpretation of our work is that the proportion of effort and funding devoted to other ways of managing cancer, such as prevention and early detection, should be greatly increased...as they may have much more success in minimizing cancer deaths."1 There are other significant, ongoing efforts in cancer prevention but primarily in the areas of behavior modification, such as smoking cessation, diet, and exercise. However, the pharmaceutical industry emphasis in the cancer area is on treatment as
-
Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1 and risk of colorectal cancer: the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study.
2009-09-21
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is involved in the metabolic activation of a wide variety of potential carcinogens, and functional polymorphisms in the CYP2E1 gene have been investigated in relation to colorectal cancer. We examined the relation of the CY... -
BACKGROUND: Although physical activity may modify the late effects of childhood cancer treatment, from 20% to 52% of adult survivors are sedentary. The authors of this report sought to identify modifiable factors that influence survivors' participation...
-
BACKGROUND: Cytology and core-needle biopsies are not always sufficient to exclude malignancy in benign breast lesions (BBL) that are at risk of developing cancer, and open biopsy often is mandatory. In screening programs, open biopsies performed for l...
-
PURPOSE: Protein-truncating mutations in BRCA1 and in particular BRCA2 genes have been associated with prostate cancer. However, there is still uncertainty about the magnitude of association particularly with Gleason score, and family history of prosta...
-
PURPOSE: Prostate cancer metastasis to secondary organs is considered an initial event in the development of hormone refractory disease and remains the major cause of death among prostate cancer patients. In this study, we investigated the role of fasc...
-
In recent years, an exponentially growing number of studies have focused on identifying cancer stem cells (CSC) in human malignancies. The rare CSCs could be crucial in controlling and curing cancer: through asymmetric division CSCs supposedly drive tumor growth and evade therapy with the help of traits shared with normal stem cells such as quiescence, self-renewal ability, and multidrug resistance pump activity. Here, we give a brief overview of techniques used to confirm the stem cell-like behavior...
最新文章
- Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and breast cancer risk: results from the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium.
- Rapid access to preventive intervention development program in the Division of Cancer Prevention of the U.S. National Cancer Institute: an overview.
- Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1 and risk of colorectal cancer: the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study.
- Promoting physical activity in childhood cancer survivors: results from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.
- Benign breast lesions at risk of developing cancer--a challenging problem in breast cancer screening programs: five years' experience of the Breast Cancer Screening Program in Verona (1999-2004).
- Associations of high-grade prostate cancer with BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations.
- Fascin regulates prostate cancer cell invasion and is associated with metastasis and biochemical failure in prostate cancer.
- Die Hard: Are Cancer Stem Cells the Bruce Willises of Tumor Biology?
- Proteomic Analysis of Human Bile from Malignant Biliary Stenosis Induced by Pancreatic Cancer
- Survival of patients with T3 stage III rectal cancer is significantly worse than T2 stage III rectal cancer. A new proposal of a subdivision of stage III rectal cancer.
